Does a sponsor request to “review” a publication prior to distribution nullify the fundamental research exclusion?

No, this kind of review, even when requested, is considered a courtesy rather than a restriction. If the award required "review and approval" it is considered a restriction as this language implies the potential of denying approval to publish or requiring changes to the report, presentation, or article prior to publication. A publication approval requirement would nullify the fundamental research exclusion.

What if a sponsor begins providing export-controlled information or technology to a project previously determined to be fundamental research?

This action is an indication that the direction of the research or some other factor has changed the project in some way to render the export control regulations applicable to this project and that, more than likely, the researcher’s work will now be export controlled.  Contact Export Control before continuing work on the project to re-evaluate for export control protocols.

What is “Technical Data” and “Technology”?

Technical data is a term defined in the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) as information, which is required for the design, development, production, manufacture, assembly, operation, repair, testing, maintenance or modification of defense articles and software directly related to defense articles.  
 
Technology is defined by the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) as specific information necessary for the “development”, “production”, or “use” of a product.

What is a defense service?

A defense service is furnishing of assistance to foreign persons, whether in the United States or abroad in the design, development, engineering, manufacture, production, assembly, testing, repair, maintenance, modification, operation, demilitarization, destruction, processing or use of defense articles; or  the furnishing to foreign persons of any technical data controlled whether in the United States or abroad.

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